1、表示时间的

af first 起初 next 接下来 then 然后 after that 那以后 later 后来 soon 不久 soon/shortly after ……之后不久 finally 最后 in the end 最后 eventually 最终 at last 终于 lately 近来 recently 最近

since then 自从那时起 after that 那以后 in no time 不一会儿 after a while 一会儿 afterward 后来

to begin/start with=in the first place 首先、第一点 immediately 立即、马上 meanwhile=in the meantime=at the same time 在此期间、同时 earlier, until now 直到现在 suddenly=all of a sudden 突然 as a young man 当…… 是个年轻人的时候 at the age of… 在……岁的时候as early as 早……的时候 as soon as 一……就…… before, the other day 几天前 early in the morning 大清早

after/before dark 天黑后/前 one day 有一天 one afternoon 一天下午 one morning 一天早晨

2、表示空间的

to the right/left 朝右/左 on the rinht/left 在右/左边 in the middle of 在中间 in front of 在前面

in the front of 在前面 at the back of 在后面 at the bottom of 在底部 on the edge of 在……的边上

on top of 在……的顶部 opposite to 与……相对 close to 靠近 near to 在……附近

next to 与……相邻 under 垂直在下 over 垂直在上 below 在下方 above 在上方 across 在……的另一边 around 在周围 behind 在后 before 在前 against 靠着、抵着 further on 再往前

3、表示列举和时序

first, second, third…finally

firstly, secondly, thirdly…finally

first of all, next then, lastly

for one thing…for another…

at the same time

at first

at last

4、表示列举

for example 例如：……

namely 即……

for instance 例如：……

that is (to say) 也就是说

such as 如……

take…for example 拿……来说

like 像……

5、表示比较或对比

like 像

unlike 不像

similarly 同样地

in the same way 以相同的方式

compared to 与……相比

while 而

still=nevertheless 然而

on the contrary 正相反

different from 与……不同

on (the) one hand…on the other hand 一方面……另一方面

in contrast with 与……成对比

6、表示增补

and 而且

both…and 不但……而且

not only…but also 不但……而且

as well as 不但……而且

also=besides=furthermore=more over 此外、而且

in addition 并且

apart from 除了……之外

what's more 而且、更重要的

for another 另一方面

worse still=what's worse=to make matter worse 更糟糕的是

including 包括

7、表示因果

because 因为 since 既然 as 由于 now that 既然 therefore 因此 thus 这样 so 所以

as a result (of) 结果 because of=on account of 因为 thanks to 多亏

for this reason 由于这个原因 if so 如果这样 if not 如果不是这样

8、表示目的

for this purpose

in order to do

so as to do

so that…

in order that…

9、表示让步

though/although

no matter+疑问句

in spite of

whatever/however/whoever

even if/ even though

10、表示递进或强调

besides 况且

what's more 更重要地是

thus 这样

above all 首先

indeed 的确

in fact/ as a matter of fact 事实上

in other words 换句话说

in that case 那样的话

or rather 更确切地说

particularly 特别地

11、表示转折

but 但是

still 然而

however 然而

while 而

12、表示总结

in a/one word 简言之、一句话、总之

generally speaking 一般说来

in short=in a few words 简言之

in conclusion=lastly 最后地

on the whole=taking everything into consideration 从总体来看、大体上

so 所以

therefore 因此

thus 这样

as has been mentioned 正如所提到的

it is quite clear that 很显然

there is no doubt that 毫无疑问

it is well-known that 大家都知道

as we all know=as is known

to us all 大家都知道

as/so far as I know 据我所知

to sum up=to summarize=in summary 总之

13、表示转折话题

by the way 顺便说

I am afraid 我恐怕

in my opinion 依我看来

to tell the truth 说实话

to be honest 诚实地说

in face 事实上