■动态动词和静态动词

根据词义特点，行为动词可分为动态动词和静态动词。动态动词表示动作，如give, take, work, run等;静态动词表示感觉、情感、内心世界、相互关系等，如know, live, lie, exist, be, have, mean, seem, appear, sound, prove, concerns, hate, dislike, like, love, prefer, surprise, astonish, satisfy, contain, include, matter depend on, belong to, guess, suppose，imagine, believe, doubt, admire, envy等。

■及物动词与不及物动词

根据后面是否带宾语，行为动词又可分为及物动词和不及物动词，及物动词(vt. ) 后面要跟宾语，不及物动词(vi. ) 不跟宾语。如：

They study hard. 他们勤奋学习。(study后没有宾语，是不及物动词)

I know them well. 我很了解他们。(know后有宾语them，是及物动词)

注：有的动词既可作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词。如：

She sings very well. 她唱得很好。(sing是不及物动词)

She sang an English song just now. 她刚才唱了一首英文歌。(sing是及物动词)

■延续性动词和非延续性动词

根据动作是否延续，行为动词又分为延续性动词和非延续性动词。如rain, live, work, learn等是延续性动词，go, come, leave, start, arrive, join, finish, end等是非延续性动词。

注：非延续性动词在肯定句中通常不与表示时间段连用的for短语连用。如：

[译]他离开这里三天了。

[误]He has left here for three days.

[正]He has been away from here for three days.

[正]He left here three days ago.

[正]It’s three days since he left.

■限定动词与非限定动词

限定动词在句中作谓语，有人称和数的变化。非限定动词有动词不定式、动名词和分词三种，在句中不能单独作谓语，没有人称和数的变化(详见非谓语动词一章) 。如：

The room needs cleaning. 这房间需要清洁了。(needs在句中用谓语，是限定动词;cleaning是动名词作needs的宾语，属非限定动词)