不定式作结果状语与现在分词作结果状语的区别

不定式作结果状语大家较为熟悉，尤其是在下列常见的句型中：

1. Would you be so kind as to lend me your new bike ?

2. The ice is thick enough to walk on.

3. That’s much too heavy for you to lift.

此外，不定式在表示一个随后发生的动作时，这个不定式短语的功能也是结果状语。不定式做结果状语通常表示的是一个未曾料到的不愉快的结果。如以下例句：

4. He got home to learn that his father was ill.

有时为了强调，可以在不定式短语前加only。

5. Tom got to the station only to find the train had gone.

6. Marry hurried back only to find her mother dying in the hospital.

作为结果状语的现在分词短语所表示的都是谓语动词的直接结果，是意料中的结果。如以下例句：

7. His parents died, leaving him an orphan. “他成为孤儿”是“父母双亡”是直接结果。

8. It rained heavily, causing severe flooding in that country. “洪水泛滥”是“大雨滂沱”后意料中的结果。

9. He cut off the electricity quickly, preventing an accident. “防止了事故”是“切断电源”的直接结果。

10. He watered the flowers in the garden more often, only making things worse. “园中花木反而更糟”是 “浇水过勤过多”的自然而然的结果。