每次美国大选,国内舆论界总要就美国大选是不是金钱政治争执一番。这个问题之所以引入关注在于争论双方都把它看作是评判美国政治制度好坏的一个重要标准,进而是衡量整个西方式民主体制优劣的试金石。小编分享有关美国2016年大选的英文文章，希望可以帮助大家!

有关美国2016年大选的英文文章：美海豹突击队成员伊拉克遇袭身亡 印第安纳州初选特朗普与克林顿优势不减

First up, a U.S. military casualty in the fight against the ISIS terrorist group.

In northern Iraq yesterday, a U.S. Navy SEAL was killed during what was described as a coordinated assault by 100 ISIS fighters.

This is the third American death in combat since the U.S. sent troops back in Iraq in 2014.

At that time, President said that American forces would not be returning in combat in Iraq.

But last October, Defense Secretary Ash Carter said there are American troops in combat every day, though their overall role is to train and support local forces in their fight against ISIS.

Secretary Carter said yesterday that the death of the Navy SEAL shows that, quote, "it's a serious fight that we have to wage in Iraq."

A spokesman from the Pentagon added that the U.S.-led coalition fighting ISIS will honor the sacrifice by defeating the terrorist."

Going into yesterday's primary elections of the U.S. state of Indiana, former U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton was leading Vermont Senator Bernie Sanders in the quest for the Democratic nomination.

Clinton had 1,666 pledged delegates and 513 super delegates.

Sanders had 1,359 pledged delegates and 41 super delegates.

To clinch the nomination, a Democrat needs 2,383 total delegates.

Businessman Donald Trump was leading Texas Senator Ted Cruz and Ohio Governor John Kasich in the quest for the Republican nomination.

Trump had 1,002 delegates, Cruz had 572, and Kasich had 156.

To clinch the nomination, a Republican needs 1,237 total delegates.

Both of the candidates in second place are hoping for contested conventions this summer to give them a shot at the nomination.

But as you'll see in this report that Tom Foreman did before yesterday's primaries, their window may be closing.

Take a look at the latest delegate count here and you can see how Donald Trump is closing in on the winning number.

He only needs 235 more delegates to clinch the deal.

But Ted Cruz is very effectively winning the shadow primary, this effort to make sure that more of the actual people filling the delegate rolls are his loyalists.

He did it again in Arizona and Missouri and in Virginia this past weekend.

有关美国2016年大选的英文文章：特朗普同克鲁兹骂战升级 为获提名不择手段

Mortgage holders with ANZ bank are likely to be feeling short changed this morning, after thebank decided to hold on to a big chunk of the RBA's rate cut.

All of the other big banks have passed on yesterday's quarter of per cent cut, but ANZ bankhas only passed on point-19 per cent.

The United Nations' special envoy for Syria-is in Moscow-trying to restore a failing ceasefire, asheavy fighting continues in Aleppo.

More than 250 people are reported to have been killed in the city in recent days.

Russia says a process to end the hostilities will be extended to Aleppo very soon.

A war of words has broken out in the U-S between Donald Trump, and his rival for therepublican presidential candidacy Ted Cruz.

Mr trump suggested Mr cruz's father was linked to the man who killed John f Kennedy.

Mr cruz responded by warning voters not to elect Mr trump calling him a pathological liar.

The Olympic flame has begun its journey through more than 300 towns and cities in Brazil.

The torch will be carried by 12-thousand bearers, and culminate in the opening of the Olympicgames in Rio in august.

Some of the biggest-and oldest-legends in rock history will come together in October for what'sbeing dubbed as a one-off "Mega Festival".

Paul Mccartney, the rolling stones and Bob Dylan have been confirmed for the "desert tripfestival line-up" in California.

The who, Roger Waters, and Neil Young are also on the bill, with each artist expected to play afull set.

有关美国2016年大选的英文文章：各方媒体是如何包装的2016年的总统大选?

JUDY WOODRUFF: Now we turn to politics and our series looking at how this election differsfrom years past.

Tonight, we focus on the change in advertising, how candidates are communicating with voters,both in paid and free media.

There's nothing quite like the candidates meeting directly with voters, but paid political ads onTV long ago became the way to reach more people than the candidates themselves ever could inperson.

The firm Kantar Media CMAG keeps track of ads, and it reports total spending on spots for andabout the candidates has topped $380 million so far this election season. That figure includesnot just spending on ads by the candidates, but also that by outside supportive groups, so-called super PACs.

Ironically, two candidates who dropped out, Republicans Jeb Bush and Marco Rubio, account forabout one-third of this season's total, while Democrats Bernie Sanders and Hillary Clinton havebenefited from $100 million in ad spending together.

DONALD TRUMP (R), Republican Presidential Candidate: I spent peanuts, and I'm by farnumber one.

JUDY WOODRUFF: But the most telling number may be $17 million. That's all that DonaldTrump has spent as he's sat astride the front-runner position in the GOP. Instead, Trump hasrelied mainly on what's called free media: news coverage and social media like Twitter.

All of the candidates use Twitter, but Trump has made strategic use of tweets to get hismessage out. He has more than seven million followers. Hillary Clinton has nearly six million.

There's also the extensive exposure candidates are getting from news coverage, prime-timeTV debates, and nationally televised town halls. This evening, for instance, Ted Cruz and JohnKasich will appear in town halls in New York, and Clinton and Sanders debate in Brooklyn.

For more on how paid and free media are shaping the presidential race, we're joined now byElizabeth Wilner, the senior vice president for political advertising at Kantar Media. And KenGoldstein, he's political science professor at the University of San Francisco.

And we welcome both of you to the "NewsHour."

KEN GOLDSTEIN, University of San Francisco: Thank you.

ELIZABETH WILNER, Kantar Media: Thank you.

JUDY WOODRUFF: So, to listen to those numbers that we just heard, Elizabeth Wilner, youwould think that paid advertising has not had the impact in this election cycle that it has in thepast.

How do you see it?

ELIZABETH WILNER: Well, Donald Trump has changed the dynamic.

Historically, paid advertising and the ability of candidates to raise enormous sums of money,that has helped to distinguish the front-runner, right, who has the most money to spend onTV. In this case, the candidate who has spent the least amount of money on TV and put theleast effort into his TV advertising is the front-runner on the Republican side.

JUDY WOODRUFF: How do you see it, Ken?

KEN GOLDSTEIN: Well, as Elizabeth pointed out, usually, the rule in politics is follow themoney.

But if you followed the money here, you would get to Right to Rise that spent $75 million onbehalf of Jeb Bush, and who is not in the race anymore, or Conservative Solutions Project, whospent $50 million on behalf of Marco Rubio.

So, overall, it suggests it may not be having an impact, but what we did see in Wisconsin wasa focused advertising effort.

JUDY WOODRUFF: The Wisconsin primary a couple weeks ago.

KEN GOLDSTEIN: The Wisconsin primary a couple weeks ago.

A focused advertising effort, along with some other things, still can move numbers.

JUDY WOODRUFF: But when you look at that, Elizabeth Wilner, and you look at the moneythat was spent earlier by — even by the candidates who are no longer in the race, what did youlearn from that this year?

ELIZABETH WILNER: Well, we learned that voters are looking for something that they clearlydidn't see in the array of candidates who were out there early spending money on TV.

There were a number of candidates spending a lot of money in Iowa. None of them — youknow, they all dropped out early on. The candidates who were spending most money wound uphaving to drop out in February or March.

What we saw was voters looking for something that they just weren't getting from the usualslate.

JUDY WOODRUFF: And is it, Ken Goldstein, that the messages weren't working?

I mean, I'm not asking you to analyze what voters saw in every one of these spots, but wasthere something quantitative — qualitatively different this year about what these candidateswere saying in their ads?

KEN GOLDSTEIN: I think we're all guilty — and I'm probably the most guilty — of falling intothe trap of counting the bombs, looking at the targeting, how much — how many ads, howmuch money was spent.

And we forget the message matters. And so, yes, how much money you spend matters, howmany ads you air matters. If you target it smart, that matters. But, at the end of the day, ifthe message isn't compelling, the effect of that ad is still going to be zero.

And I think that's what we saw in lot of these early primaries, where, as Elizabeth said, themessage, even if brilliantly targeted and lots of money behind it, was either not craftedcorrectly or that's just not what the voters wanted to buy.

JUDY WOODRUFF: It does look like, Elizabeth Wilner, that some of the — at least on theDemocratic side, some of the spots that Hillary Clinton and Bernie Sanders were using earlier,they're still using.

ELIZABETH WILNER: Yes, they are repeating some of the same spots over and over again asthey go from state to state. Clearly, they have some favorites that they feel are particularlyeffective.

The ad narrated by Morgan Freeman for Hillary Clinton gets played over and over again. And onBernie Sanders' behalf, the America ad also gets played over and over again.

JUDY WOODRUFF: How do they measure what is effective?

ELIZABETH WILNER: I assume they are focus-grouping. And I assume they are poll-testingand trying to determine which ads work.

In Sanders' case, the America ad got a lot of social media pickup, so they determined thatthat was an effective ad.

JUDY WOODRUFF: Ken Goldstein, we of course also mentioned — we're talking about howmuch Donald Trump has used so-called free media.

Is there a way to quantify the value of that? I mean, when you think about the town hallmeetings that these candidates have done, the debates, is there a way to look at the value ofthat vs. the value of paid advertising?

KEN GOLDSTEIN: Very difficult.

We clearly know it's more than the $18 million that he's actually spent. But it's calling into newsshows and calling into local news shows and national news shows and cable news shows. So,it's absolutely in the hundreds of millions of dollars, because, listen, one of the main reasonswhy you use paid advertising is, if you folks in the media aren't talking about it, you have to getan ad to get the — to generate some media conversation.

Well, Donald Trump doesn't seem to need that to generate conversation and to generatepeople talking about him and his ideas.

JUDY WOODRUFF: All he has to do is tweet.

ELIZABETH WILNER: All he has to do is tweet once.

He probably gets more value out of one tweet than many of the candidates have gotten out ofan ad this cycle.

JUDY WOODRUFF: And we looked at — I think he's done more than 35,000 or 36,000 tweets,and maybe most of them in this cycle.

How do you see the difference, though, between paid and free? Can you quantify the value offree media vs. news coverage and social media vs. paid ads?

ELIZABETH WILNER: Well, it's really difficult, as Ken said, to quantify the value of it.

When you're doing paid media, at least you're controlling the message that is coming out. So ifyou want all of your spots to be positive, they will all be positive. If you want to spend some ofyour money on negative attacks, you can do that.

With earned media or free media, it's a mix. It is what you get. And Trump coasted on somefairly positive media for a long time. More recently, and in Wisconsin, he was having to deal withmore negative media.

And in the last few weeks, the coverage of him has been more mixed and more negative.What's interesting is, he hasn't felt a need to spend any more on TV because of that, but hemay down the road need to start doing that.

JUDY WOODRUFF: What…

KEN GOLDSTEIN: I'm sorry.

JUDY WOODRUFF: Go ahead, Ken, yes.

KEN GOLDSTEIN: Focusing on my old home state of Wisconsin, I think that's an example ofwhen it works. So it's not just paid media. It's not just earned media. But, in Wisconsin, whatyou had was free media, which was conservative talk radio, anti-Trump.

On top of that, you had paid advertising. And on top of that, you had candidates and theirsurrogates focused. So, when advertising works, it's often not a silver bullet, but it's when youhave that echo chamber of messages.

JUDY WOODRUFF: So, what do you say, Ken Goldstein, to people who say, well, it looks likepaid advertising doesn't work anymore? What do you say?

KEN GOLDSTEIN: It depends what you mean by matter, right?

Listen, there's big fundamental factors that are obviously moving this election that are goingto move the general election. But if this race gets into field goal range or 1 or 2 or 3percentage points, then focused television advertising can matter at the margin.

If this ends up being a 10 percent or 15 percentage point race, no, it's not going to matter.But, interestingly, folks might be worried about, oh, there's not going to be any advertisings inthe presidential race, because maybe it is going to be less competitive than we think.

But what is going to happen is, you are going to have more House races competitive and moreSenate races are competitive, and that money is going to have to go somewhere. And it'sgoing to go on the air in those local races.

JUDY WOODRUFF: Yes.

And we have to remember, it's not just the presidential.

But, Elizabeth Wilner, finally, if somebody says to you, paid advertising is history, what do yousay?

ELIZABETH WILNER: Oh, well, I can't laugh right now, but I would laugh.

ELIZABETH WILNER: It's always effective at the margins, as Ken has said. And in a closerace, it really does make a difference if it's done well.

JUDY WOODRUFF: Because people who don't see Twitter and don't see the news media aregoing to be seeing other television and radio where these paid spots will be.

ELIZABETH WILNER: That's right.

And there will be a number — a good portion of people in a close race at the end of the daywho are not online looking for information, who are not following tweets, who are notnecessarily watching the news, but they might be watching a baseball game or a hockey game,and they will see an ad, and that might help change their mind or make up their mind.

JUDY WOODRUFF: That's what makes it all so hard to predict.

ELIZABETH WILNER: Yes.

JUDY WOODRUFF: Elizabeth Wilner, Ken Goldstein, we thank you.

KEN GOLDSTEIN: Thank you.

ELIZABETH WILNER: Thanks.