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Wedding in the United States美国人的婚礼

Weddings in the United States vary as much as the people do. There are church weddings with a great deal of fanfare; there are weddings on mountaintops with guests barefooted; and there have been weddings on the ocean floor with oxygen tanks for the guests. But many weddings, no matter where or how they are performed，include certain traditional customs.

美国的国土上居住着各种各样的人，他们的婚礼也千差万别。有热闹庄重的教堂婚礼;有在山顶上举行的婚礼，客人们光着脚陪伴登高;也有在海底举行的婚礼，客人们戴着氧气罐跟着入水。但婚礼无论在哪儿举行或怎样举行，总有某些传统的风俗。

Before a couple is married, they become engaged. And then invitations are sent to those who live nearby, their close friends and their relatives who live far away. When everything is ready, then comes the most exciting moment.

在举行婚礼前先要先订婚，然后发放请贴给位在附近的人和好朋友以及远方的亲戚。当一切准备就绪，就该到最激动人心的时刻了。

The wedding itself usually lasts between 20 and 40 minutes. The wedding party enters the church while the wedding march is played. The bride carrying a bouquet enters last with her father who will "give her away". The groom enters the church from a side door. When the wedding party is gathered by the altar, the bride and groom exchange vow. It is traditional to use the words "To have and to hold from this day forward, for better, for worse, for richer, for poorer, in sickness and in health, to love and to cherish, till death do us part". Following the vows, the couple exchange rings. Wearing the wedding ring on the fourth finger of the left hand is an old custom.

婚礼本身通常进行 20至 40分钟。婚礼一行人伴着结婚进行曲进入教堂。新娘手持一束鲜花和她的父亲最后进来，父亲要把她交给新郎。而新郎则要从侧门进入教堂。当婚礼一行人聚集到教堂的祭坛前时，新娘和新郎互相表达誓言。常用的结婚誓言是而今而后，不论境遇好坏，家境贫富，生病与否，誓言相亲相爱，至死不分离。"宣誓过后，二人交换戒指。通常把戒指戴在左手无名指上，这是一个古老的风俗。

After the ceremony there is often a party, called a "reception" which gives the wedding guests an opportunity to congratulate the newlywed.

礼仪过后，通常会有宴会，叫"喜宴"。宴会给参加婚礼的人一个向新婚夫妇祝贺的机会。

The car in which the couple leaves the church is decorated with balloons, streamer and shaving cream. The words "Just Married" are painted on the trunk or back window. The bride and groom run to the car under a shower of rice thrown by the wedding guests. When the couple drives away from the church, friends often chase them in cars, honking and drawing attention to them. And then the couple go on their honeymoon.

新郎新娘乘坐汽车离开教堂，汽车上装饰有气球，彩色纸带、刮须膏之类的东西。"新婚燕尔"几个字常写在汽车后的行李箱上或后玻璃窗上。新娘新郎从婚礼客人撇下的雨点般的生大米中跑向汽车。小两口儿开车离开教堂时，朋友们常常开车追赶他们，不停地按喇叭，引他们注意。然后小两口儿就接着去度蜜月了。

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American's Music Taste美国人的音乐品味

James Fenimore Cooper, an early American writer, once said, "The All1eri-cans are almost ignorant of the art of music." If that was once true, you would never know it today. Most Americans -even those without a musical bone in their bodies -have a favorite style of music. Many people enjoy classical and folk music from around the world. But other popular music styles in America were "made in the U.S.A."

一位美国早期的作家柯柏曾说美国人对音乐艺术几乎可以说是相当的无知。"如采这话曾经是事实，今日你绝不会这么认为了。大部份的美国人，甚至包括那些没有音乐细胞的人，都有自己喜爱的音乐形态。许多人喜欢世界各国的古典音乐和民俗音乐，然而美国其它的流行音乐则是"在美国制造"的。

The 1950s saw the development of an explosive new music style: rock 'n' roll. Performers like Elvis Presley and songs like Bill Haley's "Rock Around the Clock" made rock music widely popular. This powerful music style addresses issues like love, sex, drugs, politics and death. Often it rebels against the accepted values of society. Rock concerts, featuring loud music and sometimes weird stage acts, have become a major part of American youth culture. Music videos on television have spread the message of rock to the far comers of the globe.

五零年代见证了一种爆炸性新乐风的发展:摇滚乐。像猫王这样的歌手以及像哈利的这样的歌，使摇滚音乐普遍地受到欢迎。这种极具震撼力的音乐形态探讨了爱情、性、吸毒、政治及死亡等的主题。它常常叛离社会所接受的价值标准。标榜大声的音乐、甚至怪异的舞台表演的摇滚音乐会，已成为美国年轻人文化主要的一部分。而MTV已将这股摇滚的风潮传到世界最远的角落了。

And the beat goes on. Pop music represents popular styles- like the music of Karen Carpenter -that have wide appeal. "Golden oldies" from the past bring back pleasant memories for many. Rap music, which burst onto the music scene in the 1970s, is actually more like a rhyming chant. Rappers give a strong -sometimes vulgar -message about life in the streets.

音乐的节奏继续延伸下去。通俗乐代表了受大众喜爱的音乐风格，像卡朋特兄妹的音乐即吸引广大的群众。这些过去岁月中的遗留下来的"黄金老歌为许多人带来愉快的回忆。饶舌音乐在七零年代快速跃上音乐的舞台，它事实上很像是极具节奏性的唱话。饶舌歌手传达出强烈、有时是低俗的街头生活信息。

Americans have always been a religious people, and music has long been a part of their religious experience, as well. From colonial days, hymns and praise songs have enhanced worship. Negro spiritual" such as "Nobody Knows the Trouble I've Seen," reflect hope in God in the midst of suffering. Today's Christian styles fit all rnusical tastes - from country to jazz to pop to rock to rap.

美国人一向是相当宗教性的民族，而音乐长期以来也是生他们宗教经验中的一部份。自殖民时期开始，诗歌和赞美诗都日提升了敬拜的层次。像"无人知道我的困难"这样的黑人灵歌，反映出苦难中对上帝的盼望。今天的基督教音乐包含了各式的乐风——从乡村、到爵士、到通俗、到摇滚、再到饶舌歌。

In America, music is a shared experience. People grow up with piano lessons, chorus classes and marching band practices. They can talk about their tastes in music when there isn't anything else to talk about. If James Fenimore Cooper were here today, he would surely have to change his tune.

在美国，音乐是一种大家共有的经验。人们在钢琴课、合唱课程和参与游行乐队的演练经验中成长。当无话可谈的时候，他们就可以谈谈自己对音乐的喜好。如采今天柯柏还在世的话，他就得改变他的论调了。

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Thanksgiving Day感恩节的由来

Thanksgiving Day is the most truly American of the national holidays in the United Stales and is most closely connected with the earliest history of the country.

感恩节是美国国定假日中最地道、最美国式的节日，而且它和早期美国历史最为密切相关。

In 1620, the settlers, or Pilgrims, they sailed to America on the May flower, seeking a place where they could have freedom of worship. After a tempestuous two-month voyage they landed at an icy November, what is now Plymouth, Massachusetts.

1620年，一些朝圣者(或称为清教徒)乘坐 "五月花"号船去美国寻求宗教自由。他们在海上颠簸折腾了两个月之后，终于在酷寒的十一月里，在现在的马萨诸塞州的普里茅斯登陆。

During their first winter, over half of the settlers died of starvation or epidemics. Those who survived began sowing in the first spring. All summer long they waited for the harvests with great anxiety, knowing that their lives and the future existence of the colony depended on the coming harvest. Finally the fields produced a yield rich beyond expectations. And therefore it was decided that a day of thanksgiving to the Lord be fixed. Years later, President of the United States proclaimed the fourth Thursday of November as Thanksgiving Day every y-ear The celebration of Thanksgiving Day has been observed on that dale until today.

在第一个冬天，半数以上的移民都死于饥饿和传染病，活下来的人们在第一个春季开始播种。整个夏天他们都热切地盼望着丰收的到来，他们深知自己的生存以及殖民地的存在与否都将取决于即将到来的收成。后来，庄稼获得了意外的丰收，所以大家决定要选一个日子来感谢上帝的恩典。多年以后，美国总统宣布每年十一月的第四个星期四为感恩节。感恩节反祝活动使定在这一天，直到今天。

The pattern of the Thanksgiving celebration has never changed through the years. The big family dinner is planned months ahead. On the dinner table, people will find apples, oranges, chestnuts, walnuts and grapes. There will be plum pudding, mince pie, other varieties of food and cranberry juice and squash The best and most attractive among them are roast turkey and pumpkin pie. They have been the most traditional and favorite food on Thanksgiving Day throughout the years.

感恩节庆祝模式许多年来从未改变。丰盛的家宴早在几个月之前就开始着手准备。人们在餐桌上可以吃到苹果、桔子、采子、胡桃和葡萄，还有葡萄干布丁、碎肉馅饼、各种其它食物以及红莓苔汁和鲜果汁，其中最妙和最吸引人的大菜是烤火鸡和南瓜馅饼，这些菜一直是感恩节中最富于传统意义和最受人喜爱的食品。

Thanksgiving today is, in every sense， a national annual holiday on which Americans of all faiths and backgrounds join in to express their thanks for the year's bounty and reverently ask for continued blessings.

今天的感恩节是一个不折不扣的国定假日。在这一天，具有各种信仰和各种背景的美国人，共同为他们一年来所受到的上苍的恩典表示感谢，虔诚地祈求上帝继续赐福。