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英语六级晨读美文阅读：德国13岁男孩为美国宇航局纠错

A 13-year-old German schoolboy corrected NASA's estimates on the chances of an asteroid coHiding with Earth, a German newspaper reported Tuesday, after spotting the boffins had miscalculated,

德国一家报纸于本周二报道，德国一名13岁男孩发现并纠正了美国宇航局有关一颗小行星与地球相撞几率的计算错误。

Nico Marquardt used telescopic findings from the Institute of Astrophysics in Potsdam (AIP) to calculate that there was a l in 450 chance that the Apophis asteroid will collide with Earth, the Potsdamer Neuerster Nachrichten reported.

据德国《《波茨坦最新新闻》报道，这个名叫尼科·马夸特的男孩根据波茨坦天体物理研究所天文望远镜获得的数据资料，计算出阿波菲斯行星撞击地球的几率为1/450，而非美国宇航局之前估算的1/45000。

NASA had previously estimated the chances at only l in 45,000 but told its sister organization, the European Space Agency (ESA), that the young whizzkid had got it right.

美国宇航局得知这一消息后，告知其“兄弟_机构欧洲航天局这个“神童”的计算结果是正确的。

The schoolboy took into consideration the risk ofApophis running into one or more of the 40,000 satellites orbiting Earth during its path close to the planet on April 13,2029.

马夸特考虑到了阿波菲斯行星在2029年4月1 3日靠近地球时与一颗或多颗围绕地球运转的卫星相撞的可能性。目前地球周围的卫星达4万颗。

Those satellites travel at 3.07 kilometres a second (1.9 miles), at up to 35,880 kilometres above earth - and the Apophis asteroid will pass by earth at a distance of 32,500 kilometres,

这些卫星位于地球上方3.588万公里，运行速度为每秒3.07公里，而阿波菲斯行星则预计将在距离地球3.25万公里的地方经过。

If the asteroid strikes a satellite in 2029, that will change its trajectory malang it hit earth on its next orbit m 2036.

如果这颗小行星于2029年撞上一颗卫星.它的运行轨道就会改变，那么它很可能将在2036年再一次靠近地球时与地球相撞。

Both NASA and Marquardt agree that if the asteraid does collide with earth, it wiIJ create a ball ofiron and iridium 320 metres wide and weiglung 200 billion tonnes, which will crash into the Atlantic Ocean.

美国宇航局与马夸特一致认为，如果阿波菲斯行星真的与地球相撞，将会产生一个直径为320米、重达2000亿吨的铁铱合金球，该球将坠人大西洋。

The shockwaves from that would create huge tsunami waves,destroying both coastbnes and inland areas, whilst creating a thick cloud of would darken the skies indeSnitely.

而由此产生的冲击波会引发海啸巨浪，摧毁附近的岛屿和内陆地区，同时厚厚的尘埃云会长时间地笼罩在天空中。

The 13-year old made his discovery as part of a regional science competition for which he submitted a project entitled: "Apophis - The Killer Astroid".

马夸特的这个新发现来自他参加一项地区科学竞赛时提交的参赛项目，他的参赛项目名为“阿波菲斯——颗杀手行星竹.

英语六级晨读美文阅读：自信

Some people are bom with the belief that they are masters of their own lives. Others feel they are at the mercy of fate. New research shows that part ofthose feelings are in the genes.

有些人天生就相信他们是自我生命的主宰，其他人则觉得他们受到命运的支配。一项新的研究发现这些感觉部分来自基因。

Psychologists have long known that people confident in their ability to control their destinies are more likely to adjust well to growing old than those who feel that they drifi on the currents offate.

心理学家早就知道有信心掌握自己命运的人比那些觉得自己是受命运摆布的人更能适应老化。

Two researchers who questioned hundreds of Swedish twins report that such confidence, or lack ofit, is partly genetic and partly drawn from experience.

两位研究学家在询问了瑞典的好几百对双胞胎后报告说，这种信心，或是信心的缺乏，一部分是与基因有关，另一部分则是来自经验的累积。

They also found that the belief in blind luck-a conviction that coincidence plays a big role ui life-is something leamed in life and has nothing to do with heredity.

他们同时发现，相信盲目运气的人一认为巧合在生命中扮演一个很重要的角色l-一是在生活过程中学习来的，与遗传毫无关系。

The research was conducted at the Karolinska Institute-better known as the body that annually awards the Nobel Prue for medicine-by Nancy Pedersen of the hrstitute and Margaret Gatz, a professor of psychology at the University of Southem Califomia in Los Angeles. Their results were recently published in the United States in the Joumal of Gerontology.

这项研究是在卡洛林司卡机构里进行的。这个机构亦是每年颁发诺贝尔医学奖的团体。该研究是由此机构的南西·皮德森与洛杉矶南加大的心理学教授玛格丽特·贾兹负责，他们这项研究结果最近在美国老年学的期刊上登出。

People who are confident of their ability to control their lives have an intemal locus of control", and have a better chance ofbeing well adjusted their old age, said Pedersen.

皮德森说，对自己掌握生命的能力有信心的人有一种“内在控制的基因位点"，比较能够适应老年期。

An "extemal locus of comrol", believing that outside forces determine the course oflife, has been linked to depression in latter years, she said. "We are trying to understand what makes people different. Whatmakes some people age gracefully and others have a more difficult time?"she said.

她说，相信外在力量决定生命之旅的“外在控制的基因位点”与晚年沮丧的情绪有关。

The study showed that while people have an irtborn predilection toward independence and self-confidence, about 70 percent of this personality trait is affected by a person's environment and lifetime experiences.

她说：“我们想了解人与人之间相异的原因是什么。是什么原因使有些人安然悠哉地步入晚年，而有些人则比较困难呢

Pedersen's studies, with various collaborators, probe the aging process by comparing sets of twins, both identical and fratemal, many of whom were separated at an early age.

这项研究显示—有人能够拥有天生的自信与独立，而70%查这种仝性的人，会受到环境与一生的经验压影响。

The subjects were drawn from a roster first compiled about 30 years ago registering all twins bom in Sweden since 1886. The complete list,which was extended in 1971, has 95,000 sets of twins.

皮德森和许多不同的研究学者通过对双胞胎的比较，探讨了老化的过程。这些同卵及异卵双胞胎有许多都在很小的时候就分开了.研究对象是从.本30年前编纂的名册抽出来的。这本名册登记有自1886年以来所有在瑞典出生的双胞胎。这份完整的名单—直延续到1971年，共行95000对双胞