be动词的用法

发布时间:2017-03-15 03:10

在英语语法中,be动词意思和用法很多,一般的意思是:是,此种用法,有多种变化形式,is,am,are,was,were,being,been,to be.另外,be动词还有成为的意思。根据句子中不同的人称、数和时态,应该选择相应的be动词。

be (be/is/are/am/was/were)

[bi:]

vi

he is, we are, you are, they are (缩略式 I'm, you're, he's, we're, you're, they're), (否定缩略式 I'm not, isn't, aren't), 过去时 I was, you were, he was, we were, you were, they were (过去时否定缩略式 wasn't, weren't),过去分词been,现在分词being

英语的“be”是个特殊动词;有些语言,如马来文等,并没有“be”这样的动词。

“Be”除了原形的“be”之外,还有另外七种形式:am, is, are, been, being, was, were.

在句子中,“be”可以是主动词(The Principal Verb)或助动词(The Auxiliary Verb)

【当做主动词时,“be”在性质上属于接系动词(The Linking Verb), 后面要有名词、形容词、地方副词或短语作补足语(The Complement)。】例如:

The man is a science teacher.

这个男子是一位科学教师。

Mary's new dressesare colourful.

玛丽的新衣服色彩鲜艳。

I havebeen there before.

我以前去过那里。

My motheris in the kitchen now.

我妈妈现在在厨房里。

★这四个都是陈述句,可以变成疑问句,方法简单,把主语和“be”或助动词对换位置即可:

Is the man a science teacher?

Are Mary's new dresses colourful?

Have I been there before?

Is mother in the kitchen now?

★当“be”要在祈使句中出现时,陈述句可借助助动词“do”,否定句必须在前加上助动词“don't”,如:

Don't be silly!

Do be obedient!

Be careful!

Don'tbe a fool!

★“Be”有两种缩写法,如下:

He's not...../He isn't....

You're not...../You aren't...

★但“am + not”的缩写法只有一个:

I'm not.

有人用“ain't”, 但这并不是标准英语。

谈过了“be”作主动词的功能

【1.】“Be + 现在分词”以组成进行式时态(Continuous Tenses),如:

Tony's maidis washing his new car.

The children are playing in the field.

Samuelwas eating when I came in.

We havebeen living here since 1959.

【2.】“事/物人 +Be + 过去分词”以组成被动语态(The Passive Voice),如:

Her money in the drawer was stolen

A number of good jobs are taken up by foreigners

David studied in Taiwan but hasbeen trained as a language lecturer in America

Can all the wonderful birds be found in our Bird Park

The disobedient boywas told to stand out- side the classroom

Steps are being taken to reduce traffic con- gestion during peak hours

Dishonest students will be immediately dealt with

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