哈佛大学校园生活情景对话

发布时间:2017-03-20 12:15

哈佛校园情景对话：追溯哈佛历史返回目录

Han Meimei has just immigrated to the United States. Her new home is in Cambridge, Massachusetts. John is her new classmate and friend. They are talking about their plans for the weekend.

J:John H: Han Meimei

J： Han Meimei, What’s your plan for the weekend?

j：韩梅梅，你固末有什么计划?

H: I plan to travel around Harvard University and know more about it. To tell you the truth, I plan to apply for Harvard after graduation from high school. It’s better to get to know it. What about you?

H:我打算去哈佛大学四处转转，了解一下。实话告诉你，我计划在高中毕业之后申请哈佛。我最好先了解一下哈佛。你呢?

J:I get together with my Christian brothers on Saturdays.

J：我每固六都和教友们聚会。

H: Oh, my God! John, I didn’t know you are religious. You just look like a scientific kook, like Leonard in the Big Bang Theory.

H:哦，天哪!约翰，我不知道你还信教。你看上去就像个科学狂人，像《生活大爆炸》

里的那个伦纳德。

J： Come on, Han Meimei, don’t make a fuss. A lot of Americans, including many scientists, believe in religion.

J：得了，韩梅梅，别大惊小怪的。很多美国人，包括很多科学家，都信仰宗教。.

H： But I’m really surprised. I thought science and religion are not compatible，are they?

H:但我真地很吃惊。我以为科学和宗教是不相容的，难道不是吗?

J:Yes, they are compatible. Actually, the U.S. is both the most developed and the most religious country in the world.

J：不，是可以兼容的。事实上，美国是世界上最发达、最笃信宗教的国家。

H:I’ve heard about it a little bit before, but I don’t understand. How can people believe in God since they know God doesn’t exist?

H:我以前听说过一点点，但我不理解。既然人们知道上帝不存在又怎么能相信上帝呢?

J:That’s a little complicated?. You’ll get to know it when you are acquainted with the u.s. history later on. Religion was and is a part of American people’s life. Guess what?? Even Harvard University, which is a highly academic institution, is in a sense the product of religion.

J：这有点复杂。以后你熟悉美国历史后就会有所了解。不管以前还是现在，宗敎都是美国人生活的一部分。知道吗?甚至是哈佛大学这个学术性很强的机构，从某种意义上讲也是宗教的产物。

H:Really?

H:真的吗?

J:Absolutely! It was founded by a group of Puritan immigrants from England.

J：当然!哈佛是由一批来自英国的清教徒移民创建的。

H:Why was it founded by Puritans? Where were the atheistic educators?

H:为什么由清教徒创建?那些无神论教育家呢?

J:Because most of the first English immigrants who came to the United States were Puritans.

J:因为第一批到美国的英国移民大多数是清教徒。

H:H:How come? I mean why most of them were religious people?

H:怎么回事?我的意思是为什么大部分人是宗教徒?

J:That’s because in the 16th and 17th century, there was a series of? religious reforms in England. Many religious separatists were persecuted and fled? to other countries.

J：那是因为在16和17世纪英国进行了一系列宗敎改革。许多异敎徒遭到迫害，并逃亡到其他国家。

H:So, you mean people didn't enjoy religious freedom in England?

H:那你的意思是人们没有宗教自由?

J:Yes, that’s why Puritans moved to the New World? where they believed they could establish a heaven for Puritans.Later on, it was these Puritans who founded Harvard College.

J：是的，这就是清教徒迁移到美洲新大陆的原因，他们相信可以在那里建立一个清教徒的天堂。后来，就是这些清教徒创建了哈佛学院。

H:Why did they want to found a college?

H:他们为什么想到要建一所学院呢?

J:Many Puritans had received classic style of higher education in Oxford University and Cambridge University back in England. They hoped that their descendants? could receive this kind of education as well.

J：很多清教徒还在英国时，在牛津大学和剑桥大学接受了古典式的高等敎育。他们希望自己的后代也能接受这种教育。

H: Oh, I see.

H:噢，我明白了。

J： Actually Harvard was first named “New College”，without a formal namev

J：实际上哈佛最初的名字是"新学院”，设有一个正式名称。

H: When did it begin to be called Harvard University?

H:什么时候改名为哈佛的?

J: In 1639, it was renamed after its major benefactor? John Harvard. Interestingly, John

Harvard himself was a clergyman?.

J： 1639年以捐赠者约翰·哈佛的名字重新命名。有趣的是，约翰?哈佛自己也是个牧师。

H： It seems that Harvard was predestined to? be influenced by religion.

H:貌似哈佛注定要受宗教的影响。

J: Therefore, it’s not exaggerate to claim that had there not been religion, there would not

be Harvard.

J：所以，在一定程度上说，如果没有宗教就没有哈佛一点都不夸张。

H: Wow, I didn’t know that religion had played such an important role in Harvard history.

H:哇，我以前不知道宗教在哈佛历史上扮演了如此重要的角色。

J: Religion has been playing an Indispensible? part in Harvard history as well as the U.S.

history.

J：宗教在美国历史和哈佛历史上一直都扮演着不可缺少的角色。

H: I finally begin to get to know Harvard. It seems that my knowledge of Harvard is rather poor. I have a lot work to do before applying for Harvard.

H:我终于开始了解哈佛了。看来我对于哈佛的知识很匮乏。在申请哈佛之前我有很多工作要做。

J： Remember that Harvard is a part of the United States. So you have to know the U.S. history and culture if you want to have in-depth knowledge of Harvard. The two are closely related.

J:记住，哈佛是美国的一部分。所以，如果你想深入了解哈佛，你就必须得知道美国的历史和文化。两者是紧密相连的。

H; That’s right. I have a lot to learn from you.

H:对，我要向你多多学习。

J: You can ask me any question at any time.

J：有问题可以随时问我。

哈佛校园情景对话："哈佛大学"的由来返回目录

Han Meimei is still asking John questions about Harvard University.

H: John, I remember you said that initially? Harvard University was called “New College” or something??

H:约翰，我记得你说过哈佛大学最初是叫“新学院”还是什么来着?

J： Yes, it was first named “New College” or “the College at New Towne”.

J：是的，刚幵始叫“新学院”或"新市民学院”。

H： But I heard that its original name is “Cambridge College”.

H:但我以前听说它最初叫"剑桥学院”。

J: Oh, maybe it is because the town where the college located? was named Cambridge.

J:哦，可能因为学院所在的镇叫剑桥吧。

H: When did it get the name “Harvard University”?

H:什么时候得了 “哈佛大学”这个名字?

J; There are two stages.First, the college was renamed “Harvard College”i n 1639. During the following nearly 140 years, it existed as a “college”. Then in 1780，in the new Massachusetts Constitution Harvard was first officially referred to as a “university”.

J:这经历了两个阶段。首先，学院在1639车改名为“哈佛学院”。在接下来的近 140年里，一直以“学院”存在着。然后1780年在马萨诸塞州新宪法中，哈佛第一次被正式称为“大学”。

H: I think I can guess why it was upgraded? from a college to a university. Its scale became larger and larger.

H:我想我可以猜到为什么它可以从一所学院升级为一所大学，它的规模越来越大了吧。

J: You bet?! Still, it did not reach the standard of being a university. We know that a

university usually has several or many colleges or schools. In 1780，however，Harvard ‘^University，’ had only one college，namely? Harvard College.

J：一点没错!但是，它仍然没有达到一个大学的标准。我们知道大学通常要有几个或很多学院，但1780年时哈佛‘‘大学”只有一个学院，那就是哈佛学院。

H: Then, why could it be upgraded to the university status?

H:那它为什么可以升格为大学?

J： Maybe Massachusetts legislature made such an exception with the hope to spur on Harvard. Can you guess why it was renamed “Harvard”?

J:也许马萨诸塞州议破此例是希望能鞭策哈佛。那能猜到为什么它改名叫‘‘哈佛” 吗?

H: Let me think. Is it because someone called Harvard made contributions to the college?

H:让我想想。是不是因为某个叫哈佛的人对学院做出了贡献?

J: Wow, you，re smart!

J：哇，你很聪明啊!

H: I know that many U.S. universities are private ones, and they are founded on the basis of donations by some successful people.

H:我知道很多美国的大学都是私立学校，且都是在某些成功人士捐肋的基础上建立的。

J: And Harvard College was no exception.It was renamed in honor of? John Harvard who was the first benefactor of Harvard College.

J:哈佛学院也不例外，它改名字正是为了纪念哈佛学院的第一个捐助者约翰·哈佛。

H: Oh, John Harvard! He got the same first name as you.

H:喔，约翰·哈佛!和你的名字一样呀。

J： Well, it’s my honor. “John” is a very common name，but “Harvard” is a rare family name. Not only on the entire American continent but also in Britain, few people have the family name “Harvard”，

J:好吧，这是我的荣幸。"约翰“是个很普通的名字，但"哈佛”是个很罕见的姓。不仅在整个美洲大陆，就是在英国本土都很少有人姓‘‘哈佛”。

H: That makes Harvard University more special.

H:这让哈佛大学显得更特殊了。

J: Or rather?, it’s unique.

J：更确切地说是独特。

H: How great on earth? was John Harvard's contribution to the college?

H:约翰·哈佛对学院的贡献到底有多大?

J: Upon his death in 1638, he left his entire library and half of his estate, about ￡779, to the

new institution.

J：他在1638年临终前把他的所有藏书和一半资产，约779英镑，都留绾了这所新学院。

H: That could be ai large fortune at that time.

H:在那时应该算是一笔不小的财富了吧。

J: Yeah. The market value of his half estate is 3,500,000 dollars in 2010. In 1630s, it was nearly twice as much as one year’s financial appropriations?. It was this big fortune

that assured the continued operation of the college.

J：是的。2010年他的一半资产的市值是350万美元。在17世纪30年代，相当于一年财政拨款的两倍呢。正是这笔钱保证了学院的持续运转。

H： Why did he chose to donate almost all of his estate to the college? Didn’t he have children or relatives?

H:为什么他选择把几乎所有的遗产都捐赠给学院?他设有孩子或亲戚吗?

J： I，m not quite sure. I only know that his father and four of his siblings? died in a plague? which broke out in 1625, and that he had no kids because he had got married less than one year before he died.

J：我不是很确定。我只知道他父亲和他的四个兄弟姐妹在1625年爆发的一场瘟疫中死去了，而且因为他结婚不到一年就死了，所以设有孩子。

H ： Sorry to hear that.

H:很遗憾听到这些。

J： Maybe he left the other half of his estate to other relatives. Besides, he, like many founders of the new college, was an alumnus of Cambridge University. I guess he did want to do something for the new college.

J：也许他把另一半遗产留给了其他亲戚吧。再说，他和新学院的许多创建者一样都是英国剑桥大学的毕业生。我想他确实想为这所新学院倣些什么吧。

H: Maybe

H:也许吧。

J: Fortunately, the college named after him has now become one of the most outstanding universities in the world. If he knew this, John Harvard would feel greatly honored and proud.

J:幸运的是，以他命名的学院现在成了世界上最出色的大学之一。如果约翰·哈佛知道这些，他会感到无比的荣幸和骄傲的。

H: He might not expect that his donation has benefited numerous people. Since you are free this Sunday, why not show me around Harvard University?

H:他也许设想到他的捐助恩泽了很多人。旣然你星期天没什么事儿，带我到哈佛大学四周转转吧。

J: OK. It’s a deal?.

J：好的，就这么说定了。

H: Thank you. See you the day after tomorrow.

H:谢谢。后天见。

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哈佛大学校园生活情景对话

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哈佛校园情景对话：追溯哈佛历史返回目录

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