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Seventy-one years ago, on a bright, cloudless morning, death fell from the sky and the world was changed. A flash of light and a wall of fire destroyed a city and demonstrated that mankind possessed the means to destroy itself.

在71年前万里无云的晴朗的早晨，死亡从天空降临，世界由此改变。闪光不断扩大，烈火形成的墙破坏了这座城市。这显示出人类已经获得毁灭自己的手段。

Why do we come to this place, to Hiroshima? We come to ponder[沉思,默想,考虑] a terrible force unleashed[突然释放;使爆发] in a not so distant past. We come to mourn the dead, including over 100,000 in Japanese men, women and children; thousands of Koreans; a dozen Americans held prisoner. Their souls speak to us. They ask us to look inward, to take stock of[观察;估量;对…作出判断] who we are and what we might become.

我们为何会来到广岛?我们来到这里，是为了思考恐怖的力量在并不遥远的过去被释放出来。是为了追悼超过10万日本人、数千朝鲜半岛人以及成为俘虏的美国人。这些人的灵魂对我们说，要更加关注内心、自己回顾过去、并思考今后要何去何从。

It is not the fact of war that sets Hiroshima apart. Artifacts[史前古器物;人工产品] tell us that violent conflict[暴力冲突] appeared with the very first man. Our early ancestors, having learned to make blades[刀片] from flint[燧石;打火石;极硬的东西] and spears[长矛] from wood, used these tools not just for hunting, but against their own kind. On every continent, the history of civilization is filled with war, whether driven by scarcity of grain[粮食匮乏] or hunger for gold; compelled by nationalist fervor[热情;热烈] or religious zeal[热忱,热情;激情]. Empires have risen and fallen. Peoples have been subjugated[征服,使臣服] and liberated. And at each juncture[时刻;关头], innocents have suffered, a countless toll, their names forgotten by time.

在战争中，并非只有广岛是特殊的。自古以来，暴力争端一直不断发生。最初使用石头和长矛。人们使用武器，不仅是为了捕获动物，还为了杀死人类自身。不管是哪块大陆，所有的文明都充满战争。时而为了追求金钱，时而出于民族主义和宗教理由，一直在爆发战争。帝国崛起，随后衰退。人们成为奴隶，又得到解放。在历史的转折点上，无辜的人遭受痛苦，很多人成为牺牲品。牺牲者的名字随着时间的流逝而逐渐被遗忘。

The World War that reached its brutal[残忍的;野蛮的] end in Hiroshima and Nagasakiwas fought among the wealthiest and most powerful of nations. Their civilizations had given the world great cities and magnificent art. Their thinkers had advanced ideas of justice and harmony and truth. And yet, the war grew out of the same base instinct[本能,直觉;天性] for domination or conquest that had caused conflicts among the simplest tribes; an old pattern amplified[扩大;增强] by new capabilities and without new constraints. In the span of a few years, some 60 million people would die -- men, women, children no different than us, shot, beaten, marched, bombed, jailed, starved,gassed to death.

第2次世界大战在广岛和长崎显示出残酷的终结方式。文明一直在创造优秀的艺术。此外，思想家们一直在创造正义、和谐、真实的思考方式。但在同样的地方，也孕育了战争。战争源自征服的欲望、以及非常单纯的部族。古老的方式借助新的能力进一步加强，制约无法发挥作用。在短短数年之间，6千万人失去生命。男性、女性、孩子等，都是与我们完全没有不同的人们。遭到枪击、被殴打、或被迫参加行军、处在饥饿之中、或遭到逮捕、被送进毒气室，结果因此而死亡。

There are many sites around the world that chronicle[记录;把…载入编年史] this war -- memorials that tell stories of courage and heroism; graves and empty camps that echo of unspeakable depravity[堕落;邪恶]. Yet in the image of a mushroom cloud that rose into these skies, we are most starkly[显而易见地,十分明显地] reminded of humanity’s core contradiction[矛盾]; how the very spark that marks us as a species -- our thoughts, our imagination, our language, our tool-making, our ability to set ourselves apart from nature and bend it to our will -- those very things also give us the capacity for unmatched destruction.

全世界都存在很多记录战争的场所。纪念碑还显示出英勇的行为等，空空如也的收容所等讲述了这些故事。但是，在这片天空中升起的蘑菇云之中，我们明显遇到了人类的巨大矛盾。我们的语言能力和想像力、制造和使用工具、与自然世界不同的人类能力带来了巨大的破坏性力量。

How often does material advancement or social innovation blind us to this truth. How easily we learn to justify violence in the name of some higher cause. Every great religion promises a pathway to love and peace and righteousness[正义;正直], and yet no religion has been spared from believers who have claimed their faith as a license to kill. Nations arise, telling a story that binds[使团结;使联合] people together in sacrifice and cooperation, allowing for remarkable feats[技艺;功绩;业绩;英勇事迹], but those same stories have so often been used to oppress[压迫,压抑] and dehumanize those who are different.

物质上的进步如何令人看不到这样的事实?在多大程度上轻而易举地为崇高理由而使用暴力，并寻找借口?伟大的宗教都强调仁慈和爱，但这绝不应成为杀人的理由。国家的崛起一直被阐述为人们的团结，但一直被用于压制人类的理由。

Science allows us to communicate across the seas and fly above the clouds; to cure disease and understand the cosmos[宇宙]. But those same discoveries can be turned into ever-more efficient killing machines.

借助科学，我们进行了各种沟通，在天空中飞行，治愈了疾病，能理解太空。但是，相同的科学有时成为非常高效的杀人工具。

The wars of the modern age teach this truth. Hiroshima teaches this truth. Technological progress without an equivalent progress in human institutions can doom us. The scientific revolution that led to the splitting of an atom requires a moral revolution, as well.

但是，广岛正在教给我们真理。技术的进步如果没有伴随制度的进步，就将带来毁灭。产生核裂变的科学进步同时需要道德的进步。

That is why we come to this place. We stand here, in the middle of this city, and force ourselves to imagine the moment the bomb fell. We force ourselves to feel the dread[恐惧,害怕;忧虑] of children confused by what they see. We listen to a silent cry. We remember all the innocents killed across the arc of that terrible war, and the wars that came before, and the wars that would follow.

正因为如此，我们站在广岛的正中心，遥想原子弹被投下的时候。遥想孩子们看到的情景，倾听那种痛苦、无声的叫喊声。遥想无辜的人们由于这种残酷的战争而遭到杀害。

遥想历史上的战争、今后的战争的牺牲者。

Mere words cannot give voice to such suffering, but we have a shared responsibility to look directly into the eye of history and ask what we must do differently to curb[控制;限制,约束;抑制] such suffering again. Someday the voices of the hibakusha will no longer be with us to bear witness[作证,证明]. But the memory of the morning of August 6th, 1945 must never fade. That memory allows us to fight complacency[自满;满足;自鸣得意]. It fuels our moral imagination. It allows us to change.

仅仅凭语言，无法让那些痛苦发出声音。我们必须正面看清历史，同时思考如何选择与以往不同的道路、以及为不再产生痛苦，应该做些什么。总有那么一天，核爆受害者的声音将消失。但8月6日的痛苦绝对不会消失。由于记忆，傲慢之心将被抑制。这一记忆将激发道德上的想象力，推动变化。

And since that fateful day, we have made choices that give us hope. The United States and Japan forged not only an alliance, but a friendship that has won far more for our people than we could ever claim through war. The nations of Europe built a Union that replaced battlefields with bonds of commerce and democracy. Oppressed[受压制的,受压迫的] peoples and nations won liberation. An international community established institutions and treaties that worked to avoid war and aspire to restrict and roll back, and ultimately eliminate the existence of nuclear weapons.

此外，自命运之日以来，我们一直在进行有希望的选择。日美两国不仅是同盟，还建立了友谊。这是战争带来的东西。在欧洲，各国建立了联盟，将战场变为了商业、民主主义的纽带(之地)。各种制度和条约为了避免战争而形成。为制约核武器，为了使之减少和消除而采取行动。

Still, every act of aggression between nations; every act of terror and corruption andcruelty and oppression that we see around the world shows our work is never done. We may not be able to eliminate man’s capacity to do evil, so nations –- and the alliances that we’ve formed -– must possess the means to defend ourselves. But among those nations like my own that hold nuclear stockpiles[储备物;囤积物], we must have the courage to escape the logic of fear, and pursue a world without them.

但是，在全世界看到了国家间的攻击行动、恐怖主义和腐败、残暴行为、打压。这显示出我们的任务没有尽头。我们或许无法根除人类作恶的能力。同时，必须拥有旨在保护自己的武器。但是，美国等拥有核武器的国家必须摆脱威慑的逻辑，拿出追求无核武器世界的勇气。我们必须摆脱威慑理论。

We may not realize this goal in my lifetime. But persistent effort can roll back the possibility of catastrophe. We can chart a course[制定方向] that leads to the destruction of these stockpiles. We can stop the spread to new nations, and secure deadly materials from fanatics[狂热者;入迷者].

或许在我的有生之年无法实现目标，但希望不断追寻可能性。必须减少带来破坏的核武器的保有，杀人的武器不能交给狂热的人。

And yet that is not enough. For we see around the world today how even the crudest[粗糙的;简陋的] rifles[步枪] and barrel bombs[桶爆弹] can serve up violence on a terrible scale. We must change our mindset[心态;倾向] about war itself –- to prevent conflict through diplomacy, and strive to end conflicts after they’ve begun; to see our growing interdependence as a cause for peaceful cooperation and not violent competition; to define our nations not by our capacity to destroy, but by what we build.

仅仅有这些还不够。即使是原始的步枪和铁桶炸弹，有时在世界上也带来巨大的破坏。必须改变我们的内心和对战争的思考方式。必须努力通过外交手段解决争端。和平的合作至关重要，不应展开暴力性竞争。

And perhaps above all, we must reimagine our connection to one another as members of one human race. For this, too, is what makes our species unique. We’re not bound by genetic code[遗传密码] to repeat the mistakes of the past. We can learn. We can choose. We can tell our children a different story –- one that describes a common humanity; one that makes war less likely and cruelty less easily accepted.

有必要认识彼此的联系，确认作为人类一员的联系。这种联系才能使人类更像人类。我们过去曾犯下错误，但能够从这种不幸中学习，并作出选择。能够告诉孩子们还有其他道路。能够创造共同的人类、战争不易爆发的世界、无法轻易接受残酷性的世界。

We see these stories in the hibakusha –- the woman who forgave a pilot who flew the plane that dropped the atomic bomb, because she recognized that what she really hated was war itself; the man who sought out families of Americans killed here, because he believed their loss was equal to his own.

下面的故事来自于核爆受害者们那里。一位女性原谅了投下原子弹的飞行员。这是因为憎恨的是战争，而不是人。有人见到遭杀害的美国人的家人，了解到彼此的丧失感具有相同意义。

My own nation’s story began with simple words: All men are created equal, and endowed by our Creator with certain unalienable rights, including life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. Realizing that ideal has never been easy, even within our own borders, even among our own citizens.

美国这一故事以简单的语句开始。所有的人都是平等的。同时具有与生俱来的权利。这是追求生命的自由和幸福的权利。但是，要使这些成为现实，在美国并不容易。

But staying true to that story is worth the effort. It is an ideal to be strived for; an ideal that extends across continents, and across oceans. The irreducible[不能减缩的;不可简化的] worth of every person, the insistence that every life is precious; the radical and necessary notion that we are part of a single human family -– that is the story that we all must tell.

但是，努力忠实于这个故事非常重要。这是一种理想，是全部大陆、所有国家都需要的。所有生命都是宝贵的，我们是1个家庭的一部分。这就是我们必须传达的故事。

That is why we come to Hiroshima. So that we might think of people we love -- the first smile from our children in the morning; the gentle touch from a spouse[配偶] over the kitchen table; the comforting embrace of a parent –- we can think of those things and know that those same precious moments took place here seventy-one years ago. Those who died -– they are like us. Ordinary people understand this, I think. They do not want more war. They would rather that the wonders of science be focused on improving life, and not eliminating it.

正因为如此，我们来到广岛。而且思考我们热爱的人们。例如遥想早晨起床不久的孩子们的笑容、与配偶隔着桌子相互接触、自己父母亲的温柔抱拥等，还可以想象这种感人的瞬间也曾存在于71年前的广岛。如果是普通人，可以认为死去的人是和我们完全没有不同的人们。他们已经不希望再次发生战争。反而希望利用科学使生活变得更美好。

When the choices made by nations, when the choices made by leaders reflect this simple wisdom, then the lesson of Hiroshima is done.

在国家和领导人的选择中，从广岛学到的这一朴素的智慧得到体现。

The world was forever changed here. But today, the children of this city will go through their day in peace. What a precious thing that is. It is worth protecting, and then extending to every child. That is the future we can choose -– a future in which Hiroshima and Nagasaki are known not as the dawn of atomic warfare, but as the start of our own moral awakening. (Applause.)

世界因广岛而完全改变。但在今天，广岛的孩子们生活在和平的日子里。这是多么珍贵啊。这一生活值得保护，还需要让全世界的儿童都过上这种生活。这个日子告诉我们，广岛和长崎并非核战争的拂晓，而是道义上的觉醒的开始。

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