2017年高考英语知识点归纳

发布时间:2017-05-27 07:18

英语作为一门国际通用语,在21世纪已经向着多元化、多功能化的方向发展。下面小编给你分享2017高考英语知识点归纳,欢迎阅读。

2017高考英语疑问副词知识点归纳

1. 疑问副词的特点

疑问副词有when, where, why, how 等,用于引出特殊疑问句:

Where do you come from? 你是哪里人?

When will it be ready? 这什么时候能准备好?

Why was she crying? 她刚才为什么哭?

2. 两类易混句型的区别。请看以下两句:

Where do you think he has gone? 你认为他去什么地方了?

Do you know when he will come? 你知道他什么时候来吗?

上面第一句为特殊疑问句,第二句为一般疑问句,它们不能倒过来说成Do you think where he has gone? When do you know he will come? 其区别是:可以用 yes 或 no 回答者,用一般疑问句的形式(疑问词放在句中,即主句之后),适合这类句型的主句动词通常有 know, hear, ask, tell 等;不能用 yes 或 no 回答者,用特殊疑问句的形式(疑问词放在句首),适合这类句型的主句动词通常有 think, believe, suppose, guess 等。

3. 使用疑问副词的注意点

(1) 疑问副词用于引导特殊疑问句,通常位于句首,但有时也不一定: Without friends where are we? 没有朋友我们会怎样?

(2) 疑问副词引导特殊疑问句时,其后应接一般疑问句,但有时可有所省略:

Why argue with him? 为什么要与跟他争吵?

Why not ask the teacher? / Why don’t you ask the teacher? 为什么不问问老师呢?

【注】Why 或Why not后接动词原形,不接带to不定式,主要用于现在或将来,不用于过去,如不说 why not tell me yesterday?应改为Why didn’t you tell me yesterday?(昨天为什么不告诉我?)

(3) 有时两个疑问副词连用:

When and where were you born? 你生于何时何地?

特殊疑问句:

要求具体回答的问句。

1)特殊疑问句结构是:

除who以外的疑问代词短语

疑问副词

疑问代词

以上+一般疑问句+?

如:What do you want?(你要什么?)/ Who(m) are you looking for ?(你在找谁?)/ Whose magazine is this?(这是谁的杂志?)/Which class are you in?(你在哪班?)/ When did you get up this morning?(你今早什么时候起身的?)/ Where have you been?(你到哪儿去了?)/ Why did he go to bed so early?(他为什么这么早睡觉?)/ How did you go there?(你是怎么去的那儿?)

但是,“who”引出的询问主语或主语部分相关词的特殊疑问句的结构与陈述句词序相同:如:Who is dancing over there?(谁在那边跳舞?)

有时“what”,“which”,“whose”也可以引出与陈述句词序相同的特殊疑问句。如:What is on the wall?(什么东西在墙上?/墙上有什么?)/ Which is yours?(哪个是你的?)/ Whose book is in your bag?(谁的书在你的书包里?)

[注意]从陈述句改为特殊问句时,先将句子改为一般问句,再将(划线)提问部分更改为疑问词置于句首,特别要注意助动词的使用!如果只对主语或主语的修饰词提问,那么只需要将疑问部分改为疑问词即可。

2)常用疑问代词和疑问副词:

疑问代词: who, whom, whose, which, what,

疑问副词: when, where, why, how,

how构成的短语:how many (多少个) (独立用;或跟可数名词), how much (多少) (独立用;或跟不可数名词), how old (多大年纪), how far (多远), how often (多常),how long (多久,多长), how soon (多久以后),how many times (多少次),等等。

3)特殊疑问句有时也用否定式。如:Why don’t you ask Jim instead?(常缩略为Why not…?) (你为什么不转请Jim呢?)

4) 特殊疑问句疑问部分有时可以有两个以上的疑问词。如:When and where were you born? (你是何时何地出生的?)

5) 疑问词如果是介词的宾语,则该介词可以在句首,也可以在句尾。如:What do you want a computer for? = For what do you want a computer? (你干嘛要一台电脑呢?)

2017高考英语连接代词知识点归纳

1. 以what等连接代词引导的主语从句

What you need is more practice. 你需要的是更多的练习。

Whoever wants it may have it. 谁要都可以给他。

同类的连接代词还有:What, who, whom, whose, which, whatever, whoever, whichever

2. 以that, whether从属连词引导的主语从句

It was strange that he had made a mistake. 真奇怪,他竟然错了。

That we need more equipment is quite obvious. 我们需要更多的设备,这是很明显的。

Whether he will join us won't make too much difference.

他是否加入我们,没有太大的差别。

3. 主语从句的引导词that什么时候可以省略

当主语从句不太长时,引导词“that”可以省略

It's clear (that) he has done his best. 很明显他已经尽力而为了。

It's a wonder (that) he didn't fail. 真奇怪,他没有失败。

4. 以when等连接副词引导的主语从句

When they will come hasn't been made public. 他们什么时候来还没有公布。

Where she has gone is not known yet. 她去了哪儿,还不知道。

Why he did it will remain a puzzle for ever. 为什么他做那件事将永远是个谜团。

5. 虚拟语气:主语从句

形容词为necessary, important, impossible, strange, natural, essential时,在“It + be + 形容词或过去分词 + 主语从句”中,主语从句要虚拟。

It is necessary that the problem (should) be discussed at once.

立刻讨论这个问题很有必要。

It is strange that he (should) have so many friends. 太奇怪了,他有那么多的朋友。

6. 主语从句与强调句的区别

注意事项:

1)在主语从句中,把It was … that去掉之后,就已经完全不像一个句子了。

2)在强调句中,把It was … that去掉之后,还基本上像个句子。

3)主语从句有以下的引导词:what,who,whom,whose,which,whatever,whoever,whichever

4)强调句的引导词只有:that, who.

主语从句:

It was strange that he had made a mistake. 如果把,It was … that 去掉以后,剩下strange he had made a mistake.就不算是句子了。

It is immaterial where or when he goes. 他去何处或者何时去是无关紧要的。

It is said that…, 和It is reported that…这样的结构,后面接的是主语从句:

It is said that he‘s got married. 听说他已经结婚了。

强调句:

It was she that had been wrong. 错的是她。(强调主语)如果把,It was … that 去掉以后,剩下she had been wrong.还勉强算的上是一个句子。

It was this novel that they talked about last night. 他们昨晚谈论的是这部小说。(强调宾语)

It was in London that I first saw her. 我是在伦敦第一次见到她的。(强调地点状语)

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